4 Be able to perform the setting out of small buildings Surveying in Construction and Civil ngineering Pearson BTEC Level 3 ationals (CF) specification in Construction and the Built Environment standard checks for each method For M2, learners must be able to use angular measurements and trigonometry to calculate heights and andSettingout procedures for the modern built environmentis an entirely revised and updated publication which includes modern instrumentation and techniques and describes recommendations for settingout of building and civil engineering works These are based on the practical experience of practising engineers and are applicable to mostSETTING OUT OF BUILDING Right angles Most buildings are based on squares or rectangles This means that corners will be right angles – 90º To make sure that lines are at right angles to each other, corners can be set out using the 345 method This will always give a perfect right angle of measurement accurately 10
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3-4-5 method of setting out building pdf-Be the setting out of building corners and of manholes For P4, learners must carry out fieldwork to control level and gradient They need to calculate typical gradients Criteria covered Assignment title Scenario Assessment method P1, P2, P3, P4 M1, M2, D1 Setting Out Fieldwork A surveyor, you are asked to complete the Rope Method In Setting Out A Building A line has to be set out perpendicular to the base line from peg (A) Peg (A) is not on the base line A long rope with a loop at both ends and a measuring tape are used The rope should be a few metres longer than the
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Host, Casey Hentges, shows us some garden math to help with layout and design of your home gardensSetting Out 1 Surveyor to set cross reference 2 Transfer grid and mark wall position on slab 3 Mark 100mm offset line from rear building edge 4 Offset wall position by 0 mm 5 Secure 2x2 timber to the floor at wall edge to guide wall • Wall Positioning 1 The first wall in place has to be the partition wall at the rear 2Department of Training and Workforce Development
Take angular setting out – Right angles setting out to mark the next columns on a straight line (Use the Pythagoras theorem) Setting out 3 4 5 method Setting out pole Finally, after the completion of setting out for the whole building, use a Introduction to Setting Out a Building 1 THE SITE IS CLEAREDTHE SITE IS CLEARED 2 MARKING OUT THE SITEMARKING OUT THE SITE Once the topsoil has been removed (and levels reduced if necessary), the foundation can be setout by surveyors or engineers The graphic on the left shows the foundation plan superimposed over the site 345 method is commonly used for setting out the right angle by using the tape which gives pretty accurate right angle and is widely used in day to day practice Person 1 holds the zero mark & 12m mark of tape Person 2 holds the 3 meter mark of the tape Person 3 holds the 8 meter mark of the tape When all the sides are stretched, a triangle
Setting out — and getting it right This is the first in a series that will focus on the building process from the ground up, as a refresher Here we tackle site setout Try the quiz at the end to see how much you already know The 345 rule Figure 1 Once profiles are constructed, check for square using the 345 rule and set out yourA building provides shelter against natural elements such as rain, sunshine and wind It also provides security and privacy A building consists of the following basic parts 11 Foundation A foundation is necessary to evenly distribute the entire building load on the soil in such a manner that no damaging settlements take place41 Setting out Right Angles the 345 Method To set out right angles in the field, a measuring tape, two ranging poles, pegs and three persons are required The first person holds together, between thumb and finger, the zero mark and the 12 metre mark of the tape
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Setting Out Laying Out
Walls of the building 3 Ideally all pedestals should be of the same height and keep the string well off the ground 4 Mark the centre of the outer walls using a string line and tape measure Fix the string tightly so it does not sag 5 The string lines should cross each other at a right angle Use the 345 string method to obtain the 90 degree angles for the house corners (ref Worksheet S1) 6 Steps for the simple setting out for a building A temporary bench mark or level should be obtained to start the setting out for the whole building A specific height from a near land or from the road level can be obtained as the reference level point for a setting out This level point will conduct all over the building boundary area or 1m away from the building boundaryWhen using the 345 method for squaring corners, if your last measurement the third side connecting the two legs measuring 5foot side is off and not square you will need to make adjustments Adjustments usually mean moving the one side, either the 3foot or 4foot triangle leg in or out to obtain the square 5foot measurement
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Building & Construction Information As simple as setting out of a building may look majority of us do not bother to find out what it is all about Setting out is simply the physical transfer into the ground what was initially on plan or in paperwork Transfering the building professionals drawing (the architect) plan onto the ground is a process of setting outThe following procedure applies to a simple layout as shown in Figure 44, page 44, and must be amended to apply to different or more complex layout problems Step 1 After locating and dipping stakes A and B erect batter boards 1, 2, 3, and 4 Extend a chalk line (X) from batter board 1 to batter board 3, over stakes A and B
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Set Out Building Site Tip – 3 4 5 method A simple DIY tip to determine a 90 degree angle when setting out your building site is the 3,4,5 method Basically if you mark out a triangle that has sides measuring 3 feet, 4 feet and 5 feet (or metres) you will end up with aEach of the remaining offsets O 4, O 5 etc expect the last one (O n) is equal to O 3 Since the length of the last chord is usually less than the length of the chord, the last offset, Procedure of Setting out the Curve (Fig 1112) (i) Locate the tangent points (T 1 and T 2) and find out their changes From these changes, calculate lengths ofSetting Out Building Foundations on Ground Setting out of building foundation trenches is the process of laying down the excavation line and centerline on the ground based on the foundation plan The setting out process is also called as ground tracing that is performed before commencing the excavation process
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How to layout a building Designing Buildings Wiki Share your construction industry knowledge Setting out a building is the process of transferring architectural proposals from drawings into the ground It establishes the location points for site boundaries, foundations, columns, centrelines of walls and other necessary structural partsWwwthefineartofbrickworkcouk/ A brief explanation of the Pythagoras theorem The first step in building setting out is to identify a base line according to the site layout plan We can establish the base line considering the permanent structures and the relevant distances to structural parts from them as given in the drawings Step 1 Obtaining of a Base Line Step 1 Obtaining of a Base Line
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Setting Out Of Building
FCinBCO Section 9 Setting Out Student Handbook9 Right angles Most buildings are based on squares or rectangles This means that corners will be right angles – 90º To make sure that lines are at right angles to each other, corners can be set out using the 345 method This will always give a perfect right angle of measurement accuratelyFig The 345 method EXAMPLE Setting out a right angle Step 1 In Fig 2 la, the base line is defined by the poles (A) and (B) and a right angle has to be set out from peg Peg is on the base line Fig 21a Setting out a right angle, Step 1 Step 2 Three persons hold the tape the way it has been explained above12 Set out is described in terms of the setting up of building profiles Range location, erection, reduced level, stability, plumb, level, datum 13 Levelling equipment and methods are described in terms of achieving a level surface within a specified tolerance Range straight edge and spirit level, water level, builder's level, laser
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Abstract A definition often used for setting out is that it is the reverse of surveying What is meant by this is that whereas surveying is the process of producing a plan or map of a particular area, setting out begins with the plan and ends with the various elements of a particular engineering project correctly positioned in the area 12 RIGHT ANGLE TRINAGLE USED IN SETTING OUT One of the most important procedure used in setting out is the process of ensuring that all right angle corners are properly aligned One of the simplest ways is to use the method known as 345 triangle method PROCEDURE 1 A peg with a nail is fixed exactly at 3m from the corner peg on the fixed line 2Setout starts with designer Building setout starts with the designer – the building needs to be designed to fit to side yards, setbacks and height envelopes Careful and unambiguous setout instructions on the drawings make it easier for the builder to follow The designer's instructions must determine the reference point for the setout
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If we fix the two sides of the right angles triangle to be 3 m, and 4 m, then the third side ie the hypotenuse should be taken a 5 m The dimensions should be set out with a steel tape The alternative method of setting out right angle is by the use of theodolite This instrument is also helpful in setting out acute or obtuse angles Small Fig1 Example plan to be set out on the ground 1 From the plan (fig 1), the centre line of the walls are calculated Then the centre lines of the rooms are set out by setting perpendiculars in the ratio 345 Suppose the corner points are a, b, The 3 4 5 method is an application of the Pythagoras Theorem ie Forming right Angle Most times, 2 or 3 people are involve in this 3 meters is Measure from the Parallel Line created, then 4 Meter Away from the First point forming a Right Angle, you use your Measuring tape to Confirm the distance between the 3m point noted at the parallel line and the 4m noted at the
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4 Site Layout Planning Elements A well planned site including all temporary facilities and utilities lead to 1) increasing productivity and safety, 2) reducing area(s) needed for temporary construction, and 3) maximizing utilization The following points should be considered in good site layout 1 Safety The method of setting out is the reverse of surveying process The process involves the positions and levels of building lines and road alignments shown on the construction plans to be established on the ground by various techniques and instruments A building can be set out by taking referencing from an already established baselineSetting Out Example 2 Setting Out by intersection A rectangular buildings having plan sides of 7536 and 2324m was set out with its major axis aligned precisely eastwest The design of the coordinates of the SE corner were (342, ) and this corner was fixed by theodolite intersection from two stations P and Q whose respective
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The setting out data which we will use for this unit is shown in Figure 2 below The data for the control points and Personnel Inspection Chambers (MH 26 & 27) is as follows The coordinates for each corner of the central structure are as shown in Figure 3 Note The finished floor level (FFL) is set at 1070m Article Summary X To build square corners with the 345 rule, first measure 3 units from the corner on 1 side Turn in a perpendicular direction from the first line and measure 4 units Then, measure the diagonal between the ends of your 2 lines If it measures 5 Setting Out Building Procedures Setting Out of Building Foundation Setting out procedure is done in order to clearly define the outline of the excavation and the centre line of the walls so that construction can be carried out exactly according to the plan The centre line method of setting out is generally preferred and adopted Setting out can be a very complex
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PROCEDURES IN SETTING OUT {Builder's Square} 1 Find the distance of the site building to the building line on working drawings 2 Place a peg in the ground at corner A and hammer a nail into the top of the peg 3 Repeat these steps to place a peg in the ground for corner B 4The 345 method is a reliable alternative for settingout and checking rightangles, enabling the front and back walls of the building to be setout from side wall line 'A''B' This will always give a perfect and accurate rightangle (b) Adjust the line carefully to cross the frontage line at 90˚ by the use of a builder's square, optical site square or the 345 method (see sheet 30) (c) When the line is correct, knock in a peg (with nail) at a distance greater than the length of the wall, and attach the line tautly Check for square again and adjust if necessary
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